{"id":1804,"date":"2025-08-22T18:58:35","date_gmt":"2025-08-22T18:58:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.diecastingschina.com\/?p=1804"},"modified":"2025-08-22T19:03:04","modified_gmt":"2025-08-22T19:03:04","slug":"slitiny-hliniku-nejvhodnejsi-pro-svarovani","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.diecastingschina.com\/cs\/slitiny-hliniku-nejvhodnejsi-pro-svarovani\/","title":{"rendered":"Kter\u00e9 slitiny hlin\u00edku jsou nejlep\u0161\u00ed pro sva\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed?"},"content":{"rendered":"<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"579\" src=\"https:\/\/www.diecastingschina.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Aluminum-Alloys-Are-Best-for-Welding-2-1024x579.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1810\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.diecastingschina.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Aluminum-Alloys-Are-Best-for-Welding-2-1024x579.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.diecastingschina.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Aluminum-Alloys-Are-Best-for-Welding-2-300x170.png 300w, https:\/\/www.diecastingschina.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Aluminum-Alloys-Are-Best-for-Welding-2-768x434.png 768w, https:\/\/www.diecastingschina.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Aluminum-Alloys-Are-Best-for-Welding-2-18x10.png 18w, https:\/\/www.diecastingschina.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Aluminum-Alloys-Are-Best-for-Welding-2.png 1472w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Hlin\u00edk se stal jedn\u00edm z nejv\u00fdznamn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch technick\u00fdch materi\u00e1l\u016f sou\u010dasnosti d\u00edky sv\u00fdm vz\u00e1cn\u00fdm vlastnostem, jako je n\u00edzk\u00e1 hmotnost a odolnost proti korozi, a z\u00e1rove\u0148 univerz\u00e1lnosti. Spektrum t\u011bchto typ\u016f aplikac\u00ed zahrnuje \u0161irokou \u0161k\u00e1lu pou\u017eit\u00ed v\u010detn\u011b leteck\u00fdch a automobilov\u00fdch konstrukc\u00ed, n\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00edch plavidel, potrub\u00ed a spot\u0159ebn\u00edch v\u00fdrobk\u016f, tedy aplikac\u00ed, kde je hlin\u00edk \u010dasto kovem volby d\u00edky pom\u011bru pevnosti a hmotnosti, odolnosti. Jedn\u00edm z mnoha zn\u00e1m\u00fdch zp\u016fsob\u016f v\u00fdroby je proces sva\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed, kter\u00fd pom\u00e1h\u00e1 p\u0159i v\u00fdrob\u011b n\u00e1kladov\u011b efektivn\u00edch sestav, kter\u00e9 jsou pevn\u00e9 a trvanliv\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Nicm\u00e9n\u011b ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s ocel\u00ed a jin\u00fdmi kovy nen\u00ed sva\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed hlin\u00edku tak snadn\u00e9. M\u00e1 vysokou tepelnou vodivost, n\u00edzk\u00fd bod t\u00e1n\u00ed a tvrdou pr\u016fhlednou vrstvu, a proto je n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e9 ho sva\u0159ovat. Mechanick\u00e9 vlastnosti hlin\u00edkov\u00fdch slitin se nav\u00edc zna\u010dn\u011b li\u0161\u00ed a slitiny se mohou chovat bu\u010f dob\u0159e, pokud jde o sva\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed, nebo mohou b\u00fdt dokonce velmi n\u00e1chyln\u00e9 k prask\u00e1n\u00ed za tepla, p\u00f3rovitosti nebo slab\u00e9 HAZ. Pro konstrukt\u00e9ry a v\u00fdrobce je velmi d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 v\u011bd\u011bt, kter\u00e9 typy hlin\u00edku jsou pro sva\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed nejvhodn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Slitiny hlin\u00edku se d\u011bl\u00ed na \u0159ady, nap\u0159. 1xxx, 3xxx, 5xxx, 6xxx a 7xxx, a maj\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00e9 vlastnosti. N\u011bkter\u00e9 z nich, nap\u0159. \u0159ada 5xxx, jsou dob\u0159e zn\u00e1m\u00e9 sv\u00fdmi vynikaj\u00edc\u00edmi sva\u0159iteln\u00fdmi vlastnostmi a odolnost\u00ed proti korozi, zat\u00edmco jin\u00e9, nap\u0159. \u0159ady 2xxx a 7xxx, jsou problematick\u00e9. V\u00fdb\u011br vhodn\u00e9 slitiny zv\u00fd\u0161\u00ed kvalitu sva\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed a zajist\u00ed struktur\u00e1ln\u00ed integritu, trvanlivost a n\u00e1kladov\u011b efektivn\u00ed kone\u010dn\u00fd produkt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Tento \u010dl\u00e1nek se podrobn\u011b zab\u00fdv\u00e1 t\u00edm, jak\u00e9 jsou nejlep\u0161\u00ed hlin\u00edkov\u00e9 slitiny pro sva\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed, rodinami slitin, probl\u00e9mem a \u0159e\u0161en\u00edm a provediteln\u00fdmi doporu\u010den\u00edmi pro pr\u016fmysl.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>1. Klasifikace slitin hlin\u00edku<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/lh7-rt.googleusercontent.com\/docsz\/AD_4nXdWATRP8sk_prFo4cZ7yn7ZAKAPunZnnfH8_J3GJHtR2fylPDJBOuReWxlTt6Yl-Q290OoziWibltB7rCuDDVH2yVebzpQbLEIxWTZc-TPu046sOxIKtSsVgFtc7g0lpQX9L0pTwVFQBcsHulhwGw?key=7aMBlJ91_jM5iJYxj7JYpw\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Hlin\u00edk se v \u010dist\u00e9 form\u011b pro konstruk\u010dn\u00ed aplikace pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 jen z\u0159\u00eddka, proto\u017ee \u010dist\u00fd hlin\u00edk je sice vysoce odoln\u00fd proti korozi a tv\u00e1rn\u00fd, ale nem\u00e1 dostate\u010dnou pevnost, kter\u00e1 je pro n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e9 konstruk\u010dn\u00ed \u00fa\u010dely vy\u017eadov\u00e1na. Pro zlep\u0161en\u00ed mechanick\u00fdch a fyzik\u00e1ln\u00edch vlastnost\u00ed se hlin\u00edk kombinuje s dal\u0161\u00edmi prvky, jako je m\u011b\u010f, ho\u0159\u010d\u00edk, k\u0159em\u00edk, mangan a zinek, \u010d\u00edm\u017e vznik\u00e1 \u0161irok\u00e1 \u0161k\u00e1la slitin hlin\u00edku. Tyto slitiny se klasifikuj\u00ed podle zp\u016fsobu v\u00fdroby, mechanismu zpev\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed a chemick\u00e9ho slo\u017een\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Tv\u00e1\u0159en\u00e9 vs. lit\u00e9 slitiny<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Slitiny hlin\u00edku se obecn\u011b d\u011bl\u00ed do dvou kategori\u00ed:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Kovan\u00e9 slitiny<\/strong> - Ty jsou mechanicky zpracov\u00e1v\u00e1ny do tvar\u016f, jako jsou plechy, desky, ty\u010de a v\u00fdlisky, a to procesy jako v\u00e1lcov\u00e1n\u00ed, kov\u00e1n\u00ed nebo protla\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed. Jsou to nejpou\u017e\u00edvan\u011bj\u0161\u00ed slitiny pro sva\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed a konstruk\u010dn\u00ed v\u00fdrobu.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Slitiny pro odl\u00e9v\u00e1n\u00ed<\/strong> - Tyto slitiny se vyr\u00e1b\u011bj\u00ed lit\u00edm roztaven\u00e9ho hlin\u00edku do forem a b\u011b\u017en\u011b se pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed pro slo\u017eit\u00e9 tvary automobilov\u00fdch a leteck\u00fdch sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed. Slitiny odl\u00e9van\u00e9 lit\u00edm se ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s tepan\u00fdmi slitinami obecn\u011b h\u016f\u0159e sva\u0159uj\u00ed, ale n\u011bkter\u00e9 z nich lze \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u011b spojovat pomoc\u00ed specializovan\u00fdch postup\u016f.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Tepeln\u011b zpracovateln\u00e9 vs. tepeln\u011b nezpracovateln\u00e9 slitiny<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Tv\u00e1\u0159en\u00e9 slitiny se d\u00e1le d\u011bl\u00ed do dvou skupin podle zp\u016fsobu dosa\u017een\u00ed pevnosti:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Slitiny, kter\u00e9 nejsou tepeln\u011b zpracovateln\u00e9<\/strong>: Zpev\u0148uje se p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm deforma\u010dn\u00edm zpevn\u011bn\u00edm (zpev\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00edm p\u0159i pr\u00e1ci). Jsou zalo\u017eeny na mechanick\u00e9 deformaci, kter\u00e1 zvy\u0161uje tvrdost a pevnost v tahu. P\u0159\u00edkladem jsou \u0159ady 1xxx, 3xxx a 5xxx. Tyto slitiny si obecn\u011b zachov\u00e1vaj\u00ed sv\u00e9 vlastnosti i po sva\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed, tak\u017ee jsou velmi dob\u0159e sva\u0159iteln\u00e9.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Tepeln\u011b zpracovateln\u00e9 slitiny<\/strong>: Zpevn\u011bn\u00ed sr\u00e1\u017ekov\u00fdm kalen\u00edm (tepeln\u00e9 zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed roztokem a n\u00e1sledn\u00e9 st\u00e1rnut\u00ed). Tepeln\u00e9 zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed umo\u017e\u0148uje tvorbu jemn\u00fdch precipit\u00e1t\u016f, kter\u00e9 zvy\u0161uj\u00ed pevnost. P\u0159\u00edkladem jsou \u0159ady 2xxx, 6xxx a 7xxx. Tyto slitiny sice mohou dosahovat velmi vysok\u00fdch hodnot pevnosti, ale p\u0159i sva\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed \u010dasto ztr\u00e1cej\u00ed mechanick\u00e9 vlastnosti v tepeln\u011b ovlivn\u011bn\u00e9 z\u00f3n\u011b.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u0158ada hlin\u00edkov\u00fdch slitin (kovan\u00e9 slitiny)<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Na str\u00e1nk\u00e1ch <strong>Sdru\u017een\u00ed pro hlin\u00edk (AA)<\/strong> pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 \u010dty\u0159m\u00edstn\u00fd syst\u00e9m \u010d\u00edslov\u00e1n\u00ed pro klasifikaci tv\u00e1\u0159en\u00fdch slitin:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0158ada 1xxx (v podstat\u011b \u010dist\u00fd hlin\u00edk)<\/strong>: \u226599% obsah hlin\u00edku, vynikaj\u00edc\u00ed odolnost proti korozi, dobr\u00e1 elektrick\u00e1 a tepeln\u00e1 vodivost, ale n\u00edzk\u00e1 pevnost. Velmi dob\u0159e sva\u0159iteln\u00fd.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0158ada 2xxx (slitiny hlin\u00edku a m\u011bdi)<\/strong>: Vysok\u00e1 pevnost, pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 se v letectv\u00ed a kosmonautice, ale \u0161patn\u00e1 sva\u0159itelnost v d\u016fsledku prask\u00e1n\u00ed za tepla a ztr\u00e1ty pevnosti.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0158ada 3xxx (slitiny hlin\u00edku a manganu)<\/strong>: Dobr\u00e1 odolnost proti korozi a sva\u0159itelnost, st\u0159edn\u00ed pevnost, pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 se na st\u0159e\u0161n\u00ed krytiny, obklady a chemick\u00e1 za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0158ada 4xxx (slitiny hlin\u00edku a k\u0159em\u00edku)<\/strong>: Odoln\u00e1 proti opot\u0159eben\u00ed, st\u0159edn\u011b sva\u0159iteln\u00e1, \u010dasto se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 sp\u00ed\u0161e jako p\u0159\u00eddavn\u00fd materi\u00e1l ne\u017e z\u00e1kladn\u00ed slitina.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0158ada 5xxx (slitiny hlin\u00edku a ho\u0159\u010d\u00edku)<\/strong>: Vynikaj\u00edc\u00ed odolnost proti korozi, vynikaj\u00edc\u00ed sva\u0159itelnost, \u0161iroce pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00fd v n\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00edch a konstruk\u010dn\u00edch aplikac\u00edch.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0158ada 6xxx (slitiny hlin\u00edku, ho\u0159\u010d\u00edku a k\u0159em\u00edku)<\/strong>: St\u0159edn\u00ed pevnost, dobr\u00e1 odolnost proti korozi, sva\u0159iteln\u00fd, ale ztr\u00e1c\u00ed pevnost v HAZ; b\u011b\u017en\u00fd v automobilov\u00e9m pr\u016fmyslu a potrub\u00ed.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0158ada 7xxx (slitiny hlin\u00edku a zinku)<\/strong>: Extr\u00e9mn\u011b vysok\u00e1 pevnost, \u0161iroce pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e1 v leteck\u00e9m pr\u016fmyslu, ale \u0161patn\u00e1 sva\u0159itelnost s v\u00fdjimkou specifick\u00fdch t\u0159\u00edd, jako jsou 7005 a 7039.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0158ada 8xxx (r\u016fzn\u00e9 slitiny)<\/strong>: \u010casto se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 pro obalov\u00e9 materi\u00e1ly, jako je hlin\u00edkov\u00e1 f\u00f3lie; pou\u017eit\u00ed p\u0159i sva\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed je omezen\u00e9.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>2. Obecn\u00e9 probl\u00e9my p\u0159i sva\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed hlin\u00edku<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/lh7-rt.googleusercontent.com\/docsz\/AD_4nXeNLOcl64i82YUgw2oaxgrHg_YNk1O3CuHng7LUyVoxcy-j_ZW-9leGFM9DvboYoBs81jnXmIny5VWnq4FYEwv8uK7HV2Ev3zI34rt_S6Pq-gTKVtQIsF1vKNW5MKEeceiVGej_gq2-dXvrzTkLa6Q?key=7aMBlJ91_jM5iJYxj7JYpw\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>A\u010dkoli se hlin\u00edk \u0161iroce pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 v konstruk\u010dn\u00edch, automobilov\u00fdch a leteck\u00fdch aplikac\u00edch, jeho sva\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159edstavuje ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s ocel\u00ed nebo jin\u00fdmi b\u011b\u017en\u00fdmi technick\u00fdmi kovy jedine\u010dnou v\u00fdzvu. Fyzik\u00e1ln\u00ed a chemick\u00e9 vlastnosti hlin\u00edku \u010dasto zp\u016fsobuj\u00ed pot\u00ed\u017ee b\u011bhem sva\u0159ovac\u00edho procesu, kter\u00e9, pokud nejsou spr\u00e1vn\u011b \u0159e\u0161eny, mohou ohrozit kvalitu svaru, mechanickou pevnost a provozn\u00ed vlastnosti. P\u0159ed v\u00fdb\u011brem slitin, p\u0159\u00eddavn\u00fdch kov\u016f a sva\u0159ovac\u00edch postup\u016f je nezbytn\u00e9 t\u011bmto probl\u00e9m\u016fm porozum\u011bt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Vysok\u00e1 tepeln\u00e1 vodivost<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Hlin\u00edk vede teplo asi \u010dty\u0159ikr\u00e1t a\u017e p\u011btkr\u00e1t rychleji ne\u017e ocel. Tato vlastnost zp\u016fsobuje, \u017ee se teplo ze sva\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed rychle rozptyluje do okoln\u00edho z\u00e1kladn\u00edho kovu. V d\u016fsledku toho maj\u00ed sv\u00e1\u0159e\u010di \u010dasto probl\u00e9m vytvo\u0159it a udr\u017eet roztavenou svarovou l\u00e1ze\u0148, zejm\u00e9na u tenk\u00fdch plech\u016f, kde m\u016f\u017ee doj\u00edt k p\u0159eh\u0159\u00e1t\u00ed a prop\u00e1len\u00ed. U siln\u011bj\u0161\u00edch profil\u016f vy\u017eaduje rychl\u00fd p\u0159enos tepla vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed sva\u0159ovac\u00ed proudy a p\u0159esnou kontrolu tepeln\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edkonu, aby se zajistil pln\u00fd pr\u016fvar a zabr\u00e1nilo se vzniku studen\u00fdch vrstev nebo nedostate\u010dn\u00e9mu nataven\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>N\u00edzk\u00e1 teplota t\u00e1n\u00ed<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Teplota t\u00e1n\u00ed \u010dist\u00e9ho hlin\u00edku je p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 660 \u00b0C, co\u017e je v\u00fdrazn\u011b m\u00e9n\u011b ne\u017e u oceli (p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 1500 \u00b0C). Toto \u00fazk\u00e9 rozp\u011bt\u00ed mezi teplotou t\u00e1n\u00ed z\u00e1kladn\u00edho kovu a vysok\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edkonem tepla, kter\u00fd je nutn\u00fd kv\u016fli tepeln\u00e9 vodivosti, \u010din\u00ed hlin\u00edk obzvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b citliv\u00fdm na deformace a zkroucen\u00ed p\u0159i sva\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed. Sv\u00e1\u0159e\u010d mus\u00ed vyv\u00e1\u017eit dostate\u010dnou energii, aby dos\u00e1hl taven\u00ed bez p\u0159eh\u0159\u00e1t\u00ed nebo zborcen\u00ed spoje.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Tvorba oxidov\u00e9ho filmu<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Hlin\u00edk p\u0159irozen\u011b vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed na sv\u00e9m povrchu tenkou, hou\u017eevnatou vrstvu oxidu (Al\u2082O\u2083), kdy\u017e je vystaven p\u016fsoben\u00ed vzduchu. Tento oxid m\u00e1 mnohem vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed teplotu t\u00e1n\u00ed (p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 2050 \u00b0C \/ 3720 \u00b0F) ne\u017e samotn\u00fd hlin\u00edk, co\u017e m\u016f\u017ee zabr\u00e1nit proniknut\u00ed oblouku do z\u00e1kladn\u00edho kovu. Pokud nen\u00ed oxidov\u00fd film \u0159\u00e1dn\u011b odstran\u011bn nebo naru\u0161en, zp\u016fsobuje \u0161patn\u00e9 taven\u00ed, inkluze a slab\u00e9 spoje. Z tohoto d\u016fvodu je odstran\u011bn\u00ed oxidu mechanick\u00fdm \u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00edm, chemick\u00fdm lept\u00e1n\u00edm nebo \u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00edm oblouku (st\u0159\u00eddav\u00e1 polarita u sva\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed TIG) p\u0159ed sva\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00edm kriticky d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>P\u00f3rovitost<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>P\u00f3rovitost je b\u011b\u017enou vadou hlin\u00edkov\u00fdch svar\u016f. Roztaven\u00fd hlin\u00edk m\u00e1 vysokou rozpustnost pro vod\u00edk, ale jak tuhne, jeho rozpustnost pro vod\u00edk prudce kles\u00e1. Vod\u00edk zachycen\u00fd v roztaven\u00e9m baz\u00e9nu vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed ve svarov\u00e9m kovu plynov\u00e9 kapsy (p\u00f3rovitost). Zdrojem vod\u00edku je vlhkost, maziva, oleje, ne\u010distoty a hydratovan\u00e9 oxidy. P\u00f3rovitost sni\u017euje mechanickou pevnost, \u00fanavovou odolnost a celkovou spolehlivost sva\u0159ovan\u00e9 konstrukce. Preventivn\u00ed opat\u0159en\u00ed zahrnuj\u00ed d\u016fkladn\u00e9 \u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed povrchu, p\u0159edeh\u0159ev a pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed such\u00e9ho ochrann\u00e9ho plynu a p\u0159\u00eddavn\u00e9ho dr\u00e1tu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Krakov\u00e1n\u00ed za tepla (tuhnut\u00ed)<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>N\u011bkter\u00e9 hlin\u00edkov\u00e9 slitiny, zejm\u00e9na ty s vysok\u00fdm obsahem m\u011bdi nebo zinku (nap\u0159. \u0159ady 2xxx a 7xxx), jsou n\u00e1chyln\u00e9 k prask\u00e1n\u00ed za tepla b\u011bhem tuhnut\u00ed. K tomu doch\u00e1z\u00ed v d\u016fsledku \u0161irok\u00e9ho rozsahu tuhnut\u00ed, segregace leguj\u00edc\u00edch prvk\u016f a zbytkov\u00fdch nap\u011bt\u00ed ve svarov\u00e9 l\u00e1zni. Hork\u00e9 trhliny \u010dasto vznikaj\u00ed pod\u00e9l hranic zrn a je obt\u00ed\u017en\u00e9 je odhalit, dokud nen\u00ed svar zkou\u0161en pod zat\u00ed\u017een\u00edm. Pro sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed rizika vzniku trhlin je nutn\u00fd spr\u00e1vn\u00fd v\u00fdb\u011br p\u0159\u00eddavn\u00e9ho kovu, konstrukce spoje a kontrola procesu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Ztr\u00e1ta mechanick\u00fdch vlastnost\u00ed v tepeln\u011b ovlivn\u011bn\u00e9 z\u00f3n\u011b (HAZ)<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>U tepeln\u011b zpracovateln\u00fdch hlin\u00edkov\u00fdch slitin (nap\u0159. \u0159ady 6xxx a 7xxx) m\u016f\u017ee sva\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed zhor\u0161it mechanick\u00e9 vlastnosti v HAZ. Vlivem tepla se rozpou\u0161t\u011bj\u00ed nebo hrubnou zpev\u0148uj\u00edc\u00ed sra\u017eeniny, co\u017e vede ke sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed pevnosti v tahu, meze kluzu a tvrdosti. Zat\u00edmco slitiny, kter\u00e9 nejsou tepeln\u011b zpracovateln\u00e9 (nap\u0159. \u0159ada 5xxx), si po sva\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed do zna\u010dn\u00e9 m\u00edry zachov\u00e1vaj\u00ed sv\u00e9 vlastnosti, slitiny, kter\u00e9 jsou tepeln\u011b zpracovateln\u00e9, \u010dasto vy\u017eaduj\u00ed tepeln\u00e9 zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed po sva\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed nebo p\u0159edimenzov\u00e1n\u00ed konstrukc\u00ed, aby se kompenzovalo zm\u011bk\u010den\u00ed HAZ.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Deformace a zbytkov\u00e9 nap\u011bt\u00ed<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Vzhledem k vysok\u00e9mu koeficientu tepeln\u00e9 rozta\u017enosti se hlin\u00edk p\u0159i zah\u0159\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed a chlazen\u00ed v\u00fdrazn\u011b rozp\u00edn\u00e1 a smr\u0161\u0165uje. To m\u016f\u017ee zp\u016fsobit deformace, zkroucen\u00ed a zbytkov\u00e1 nap\u011bt\u00ed ve sva\u0159ovan\u00fdch sestav\u00e1ch, zejm\u00e9na v tenkost\u011bnn\u00fdch konstrukc\u00edch. K minimalizaci t\u011bchto probl\u00e9m\u016f je \u010dasto zapot\u0159eb\u00ed up\u00edn\u00e1n\u00ed, p\u0159edeh\u0159\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed, \u0159\u00edzen\u00e9 sva\u0159ovac\u00ed sekvence a techniky s n\u00edzk\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edkonem tepla.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>3. Sva\u0159itelnost \u0159ady hlin\u00edkov\u00fdch slitin<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/lh7-rt.googleusercontent.com\/docsz\/AD_4nXfOy7fa4dNsUp7zSByuDUZ53pnUFSRuMLJAwzkygpC_b1kW9nD342yn5AHLy83HHdBMDO2MO34V-xk-J9O97RgMjji6P6qqCcWN90bAQVAaPrGHRXXeyoFywGz6DeJ8PTLUQJkPTRAj1Ys4vrycIRg?key=7aMBlJ91_jM5iJYxj7JYpw\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u0158ada 1xxx (v podstat\u011b \u010dist\u00fd hlin\u00edk)<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>P\u0159\u00edklady<\/strong>: 1100, 1350.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Charakteristika<\/strong>: Vynikaj\u00edc\u00ed odolnost proti korozi, vysok\u00e1 ta\u017enost, n\u00edzk\u00e1 pevnost.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Sva\u0159itelnost<\/strong>: <strong>Vynikaj\u00edc\u00ed<\/strong> - \u010cist\u00fd hlin\u00edk nem\u00e1 t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 probl\u00e9my s prask\u00e1n\u00edm. Sva\u0159uje se snadno metodou TIG nebo MIG.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Aplikace<\/strong>: Chemick\u00e1 za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, architektonick\u00e9 fas\u00e1dy, za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed pro zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed potravin.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Nev\u00fdhoda<\/strong>: N\u00edzk\u00e1 pevnost omezuje konstruk\u010dn\u00ed pou\u017eit\u00ed.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u0158ada 2xxx (slitiny hlin\u00edku a m\u011bdi)<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>P\u0159\u00edklady<\/strong>: 2024, 2219.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Charakteristika<\/strong>: Vysok\u00e1 pevnost, \u0161iroce pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e1 v letectv\u00ed a kosmonautice.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Sva\u0159itelnost<\/strong>: <strong>\u0160patn\u00fd<\/strong> - Vysoce n\u00e1chyln\u00e9 k prask\u00e1n\u00ed za tepla a ztr\u00e1t\u011b mechanick\u00fdch vlastnost\u00ed v HAZ. 2219 je do jist\u00e9 m\u00edry sva\u0159iteln\u00fd a pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 se v leteck\u00fdch n\u00e1dr\u017e\u00edch.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Aplikace<\/strong>: Letectv\u00ed, obrana.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Verdikt<\/strong>: Obecn\u011b se nedoporu\u010duje sva\u0159ovat s v\u00fdjimkou zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00edch p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f s 2219 za pou\u017eit\u00ed kontrolovan\u00fdch postup\u016f.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u0158ada 3xxx (slitiny hlin\u00edku a manganu)<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>P\u0159\u00edklady<\/strong>: 3003, 3105.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Charakteristika<\/strong>: Dobr\u00e1 odolnost proti korozi, st\u0159edn\u00ed pevnost.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Sva\u0159itelnost<\/strong>: <strong>Vynikaj\u00edc\u00ed<\/strong> - Tyto slitiny nejsou tepeln\u011b zpracovateln\u00e9, tak\u017ee si po sva\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed zachov\u00e1vaj\u00ed sv\u00e9 vlastnosti.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Aplikace<\/strong>: St\u0159e\u0161n\u00ed krytiny, obklady, plechovky od n\u00e1poj\u016f, chemick\u00e1 za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u0158ada 4xxx (slitiny hlin\u00edku a k\u0159em\u00edku)<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>P\u0159\u00edklady<\/strong>: 4032, 4045.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Charakteristika<\/strong>: Odolnost proti opot\u0159eben\u00ed, vysok\u00fd obsah k\u0159em\u00edku sni\u017euje koeficient tepeln\u00e9 rozta\u017enosti.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Sva\u0159itelnost<\/strong>: <strong>M\u00edrn\u00e1<\/strong> - \u010casto se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 sp\u00ed\u0161e jako v\u00fdpl\u0148ov\u00fd materi\u00e1l (nap\u0159. 4045) ne\u017e jako z\u00e1kladn\u00ed slitina. Vysok\u00fd obsah Si m\u016f\u017ee sni\u017eovat ta\u017enost.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Aplikace<\/strong>: Sou\u010d\u00e1sti automobilov\u00fdch motor\u016f, opot\u0159ebiteln\u00e9 d\u00edly.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u0158ada 5xxx (slitiny hlin\u00edku a ho\u0159\u010d\u00edku)<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>P\u0159\u00edklady<\/strong>: 5052, 5083, 5754, 5456.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Charakteristika<\/strong>: Vynikaj\u00edc\u00ed odolnost proti korozi, dobr\u00e1 pevnost, zejm\u00e9na v mo\u0159sk\u00e9m prost\u0159ed\u00ed.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Sva\u0159itelnost<\/strong>: <strong>Vynikaj\u00edc\u00ed<\/strong> - Nej\u010dast\u011bji sva\u0159ovan\u00e9 hlin\u00edkov\u00e9 slitiny. Nen\u00ed tepeln\u011b zpracovateln\u00e1, tak\u017ee HAZ si zachov\u00e1v\u00e1 dobr\u00e9 vlastnosti. P\u0159i obsahu Mg &gt;3% je t\u0159eba d\u00e1vat pozor na korozn\u00ed prask\u00e1n\u00ed pod nap\u011bt\u00edm.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Aplikace<\/strong>: Stavba lod\u00ed, tlakov\u00e9 n\u00e1doby, pob\u0159e\u017en\u00ed plo\u0161iny, kryogenn\u00ed n\u00e1dr\u017ee.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Verdikt<\/strong>: Pat\u0159\u00ed mezi nejlep\u0161\u00ed hlin\u00edkov\u00e9 slitiny pro sva\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u0158ada 6xxx (slitiny hlin\u00edku, ho\u0159\u010d\u00edku a k\u0159em\u00edku)<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>P\u0159\u00edklady<\/strong>: 6061, 6063, 6082.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Charakteristika<\/strong>: St\u0159edn\u00ed pevnost, dobr\u00e1 odolnost proti korozi, velmi b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 konstruk\u010dn\u00ed slitiny.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Sva\u0159itelnost<\/strong>: <strong>Dobr\u00fd<\/strong> - Tepeln\u011b zpracovateln\u00e9, tak\u017ee sva\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed sni\u017euje pevnost v HAZ. Tepeln\u00e9 zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed po sva\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed nebo nadm\u011brn\u00e1 konstrukce to v\u0161ak mohou kompenzovat. \u010casto se sva\u0159uje s pou\u017eit\u00edm p\u0159\u00eddavn\u00fdch materi\u00e1l\u016f 4045 nebo 5356.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Aplikace<\/strong>: Potrub\u00ed, tlakov\u00e9 n\u00e1doby, automobilov\u00e9 r\u00e1my, leteck\u00fd pr\u016fmysl, stavebnictv\u00ed.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Verdikt<\/strong>: <strong>Velmi dob\u0159e sva\u0159iteln\u00e9<\/strong> ale vy\u017eaduje konstruk\u010dn\u00ed zohledn\u011bn\u00ed m\u011bknut\u00ed HAZ.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u0158ada 7xxx (slitiny hlin\u00edku a zinku)<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>P\u0159\u00edklady<\/strong>: 7075, 7475.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Charakteristika<\/strong>: Extr\u00e9mn\u011b vysok\u00e1 pevnost, \u0161iroce pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e1 v letectv\u00ed a kosmonautice.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Sva\u0159itelnost<\/strong>: <strong>\u0160patn\u00fd<\/strong> - N\u00e1chyln\u00e9 na prask\u00e1n\u00ed za tepla, p\u00f3rovitost a silnou ztr\u00e1tu pevnosti. Obecn\u011b se vyh\u00fdb\u00e1 pou\u017eit\u00ed ve sva\u0159ovan\u00fdch konstrukc\u00edch. V\u00fdjimkou jsou oceli 7005 a 7039, kter\u00e9 jsou st\u0159edn\u011b sva\u0159iteln\u00e9.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Aplikace<\/strong>: Letectv\u00ed, obrana, sportovn\u00ed vybaven\u00ed.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Verdikt<\/strong>: <strong>Nedoporu\u010duje se<\/strong> pro sva\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed s v\u00fdjimkou zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00edch p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>4. Nejlep\u0161\u00ed hlin\u00edkov\u00e9 slitiny pro sva\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/lh7-rt.googleusercontent.com\/docsz\/AD_4nXfPKrTSEj8If9d1jJBQUixonVn8j4_2NJ1o6fXgU98b4ekOMIXw_e1cc0ChMd7-8_gXcenTxIQJQQQgMRY5ZU34YZHycSNA9BPOAOkZwzjDdn0AYS45KfeJhQC3Y8NfXn5-T9BETk5b0gYsKebleMg?key=7aMBlJ91_jM5iJYxj7JYpw\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Na z\u00e1klad\u011b v\u00fd\u0161e uveden\u00e9 anal\u00fdzy jsou nejlep\u0161\u00edmi slitinami hlin\u00edku pro sva\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0158ada 1xxx (nap\u0159. 1100)<\/strong> - Snadno se sva\u0159uje, ale m\u00e1 n\u00edzkou pevnost.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0158ada 3xxx (nap\u0159. 3003, 3105)<\/strong> - Velk\u00e1 odolnost proti korozi, dobr\u00e1 sva\u0159itelnost.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0158ada 5xxx (nap\u0159. 5052, 5083, 5754, 5456)<\/strong> - Vynikaj\u00edc\u00ed pevnost a odolnost proti korozi, zejm\u00e9na v n\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00edm provozu.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0158ada 6xxx (nap\u0159. 6061, 6063, 6082)<\/strong> - \u0160iroce pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9 konstruk\u010dn\u00ed slitiny; dobr\u00e1 sva\u0159itelnost s p\u0159\u00eddavn\u00fdmi kovy.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>Z t\u011bchto slitin jsou slitiny 5xxx \u010dasto pova\u017eov\u00e1ny za nejspolehliv\u011bj\u0161\u00ed pro sva\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed, zejm\u00e9na v n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00fdch prost\u0159ed\u00edch, jako jsou n\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00ed a pob\u0159e\u017en\u00ed aplikace.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>5. Procesy sva\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed hlin\u00edku<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/lh7-rt.googleusercontent.com\/docsz\/AD_4nXcbZHY19ufzsltofMUeDmb0aWKCDlfI1I-BkljhzVgiqk7y4PWoy38g2Dcht8Xe2bPaqSseg92Q1UsO7ksZpq2PyWeL_vgWdKI2tkhxi0yUaLOUZepz_0x0BIpW4vVce11ghBXaU6qAallrwT9nEA?key=7aMBlJ91_jM5iJYxj7JYpw\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Sva\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed hlin\u00edku vy\u017eaduje specializovan\u00e9 techniky a \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed proces\u016f vzhledem k jedine\u010dn\u00fdm v\u00fdzv\u00e1m spojen\u00fdm s t\u00edmto materi\u00e1lem. Na rozd\u00edl od oceli m\u00e1 hlin\u00edk n\u00edzk\u00fd bod t\u00e1n\u00ed, vysokou tepelnou vodivost, \u017e\u00e1ruvzdorn\u00fd oxidov\u00fd film a n\u00e1chylnost k p\u00f3rovitosti a prask\u00e1n\u00ed. Aby bylo mo\u017en\u00e9 tyto probl\u00e9my p\u0159ekonat, mus\u00ed sva\u0159ovac\u00ed procesy pro hlin\u00edk zaji\u0161\u0165ovat p\u0159esn\u00fd p\u0159\u00edvod tepla, \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e9 st\u00edn\u011bn\u00ed a odstra\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed oxid\u016f. Volba procesu z\u00e1vis\u00ed na faktorech, jako je typ slitiny, tlou\u0161\u0165ka, konstrukce spoje, objem v\u00fdroby a po\u017eadovan\u00e1 kvalita svaru.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>N\u00ed\u017ee jsou pops\u00e1ny nej\u010dast\u011bji pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9 postupy sva\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed hlin\u00edku.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Obloukov\u00e9 sva\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed v plynov\u00e9m wolframu (GTAW \/ TIG)<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Obloukov\u00e9 sva\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed plynem, zn\u00e1m\u00e9 tak\u00e9 jako sva\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed TIG, se \u0161iroce pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 pro sva\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed hlin\u00edku d\u00edky sv\u00e9 schopnosti vytv\u00e1\u0159et vysoce kvalitn\u00ed, p\u0159esn\u00e9 a \u010dist\u00e9 svary.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Princip:<\/strong> Mezi wolframovou elektrodou, kter\u00e1 se ned\u00e1 spot\u0159ebovat, a kusem se vytvo\u0159\u00ed oblouk. P\u0159\u00eddavn\u00fd kov lze v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b pot\u0159eby p\u0159id\u00e1vat izolovan\u011b Inertn\u00ed ochrann\u00fd plyn je argon nebo helium, kter\u00e9 zabra\u0148uj\u00ed atmosf\u00e9rick\u00e9 oxidaci roztaven\u00e9 svarov\u00e9 l\u00e1zn\u011b.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 vlastnosti pro hlin\u00edk<\/strong>:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Pot\u0159ebuje st\u0159\u00eddav\u00fd proud (AC), kter\u00fd pravideln\u011b odstra\u0148uje oxidovou vrstvu katodick\u00fdm \u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00edm.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Poskytuje vynikaj\u00edc\u00ed kontrolu nad p\u0159\u00edvodem tepla, tak\u017ee je vhodn\u00fd pro tenk\u00e9 hlin\u00edkov\u00e9 plechy.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed svary s minim\u00e1ln\u00ed p\u00f3rovitost\u00ed a rozst\u0159ikem.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>V\u00fdhody<\/strong>: Vysoce kvalitn\u00ed svary, p\u0159esn\u00e1 kontrola, vynikaj\u00edc\u00ed pro kritick\u00e9 aplikace.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Omezen\u00ed<\/strong>: Pomalej\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e jin\u00e9 procesy, vy\u017eaduje kvalifikovanou obsluhu, m\u00e9n\u011b hospod\u00e1rn\u00e9 pro siln\u00e9 \u0159ezy.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>V\u00fdrobky Aplika\u010dn\u00ed pododd\u011blen\u00ed:<\/strong> Leteck\u00e9 komponenty, p\u0159ehr\u00e1va\u010d, tlakov\u00e1 n\u00e1doba, asistent karoserie.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Obloukov\u00e9 sva\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed plynem (GMAW \/ MIG)<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/lh7-rt.googleusercontent.com\/docsz\/AD_4nXcg_1DmFSzQW6sO8WSym_GiMisJjWDbzRzLjKciAk7dE0DXwFHEWDPmN7pHPJUk-K3vLSDKi5G3PpuBlb9McBCvTMlNnRWR8XiEOFVOxd0Y_Cb2PrcJU95uQeygFxnYXDxtOJ5FJ7PmJJE4UR_swOI?key=7aMBlJ91_jM5iJYxj7JYpw\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Nej\u010dast\u011bji pou\u017e\u00edvanou metodou sva\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed hlin\u00edku v pr\u016fmyslu je obloukov\u00e9 sva\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed plynem nebo obecn\u011b ozna\u010dovan\u00e9 jako MIG, kter\u00e9 se vyzna\u010duje vysokou rychlost\u00ed, flexibilitou a produktivitou.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Princip<\/strong>: P\u0159\u00eddavn\u00e1 dr\u00e1tov\u00e1 elektroda se nep\u0159etr\u017eit\u011b p\u0159iv\u00e1d\u00ed do svarov\u00e9 l\u00e1zn\u011b, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e sv\u00e1r je st\u00edn\u011bn inertn\u00edm plynem (argonem nebo sm\u011bs\u00ed argonu a h\u00e9lia).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 vlastnosti pro hlin\u00edk<\/strong>:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u010casto se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 se stejnosm\u011brnou pozitivn\u00ed elektrodou (DCEP) pro stabiln\u00ed oblouk a dobrou penetraci.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Vy\u017eaduje c\u00edvkov\u00e9 pistole nebo podava\u010de push-pull, aby se p\u0159ede\u0161lo probl\u00e9m\u016fm s pod\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00edm dr\u00e1tu kv\u016fli m\u011bkkosti hlin\u00edku.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Efektivn\u00ed pro st\u0159edn\u011b siln\u00e9 a\u017e siln\u00e9 \u0159ezy.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>V\u00fdhody<\/strong>: Vysok\u00e1 rychlost nan\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed, rychlej\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e TIG, vhodn\u00e9 pro v\u00fdrobn\u00ed sva\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Omezen\u00ed<\/strong>: M\u00e9n\u011b p\u0159esn\u00e9 ne\u017e TIG, n\u00e1chyln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ke vzniku p\u00f3r\u016f, pokud nen\u00ed kontrolov\u00e1na \u010distota a st\u00edn\u011bn\u00ed plynem.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Aplikace<\/strong>: Stavba lod\u00ed, automobilov\u00e9 r\u00e1my, \u017eelezni\u010dn\u00ed vag\u00f3ny, potrub\u00ed, konstruk\u010dn\u00ed v\u00fdroba.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Odporov\u00e9 sva\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed (bodov\u00e9 sva\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed a sva\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed \u0161v\u016f)<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Odporov\u00e9 sva\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed, zejm\u00e9na <strong>bodov\u00e9 sva\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/strong>, se p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitostn\u011b pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 pro spojov\u00e1n\u00ed hlin\u00edkov\u00fdch plech\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Princip<\/strong>: Teplo se vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed na ohniv\u00fdch ploch\u00e1ch pr\u016fchodem proudu elektrodami za sou\u010dasn\u00e9ho p\u016fsoben\u00ed tlaku.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Probl\u00e9my s hlin\u00edkem<\/strong>:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Vysok\u00e1 vodivost hlin\u00edku vy\u017eaduje velmi vysok\u00e9 proudy.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Elektrody se rychle opot\u0159ebov\u00e1vaj\u00ed kv\u016fli ulp\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed hlin\u00edku.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Aplikace<\/strong>: Omezen\u00e9 pou\u017eit\u00ed v panelech automobilov\u00fdch karoseri\u00ed a elektrick\u00fdch spoj\u00edch, kde jsou pou\u017eity tenk\u00e9 hlin\u00edkov\u00e9 plechy.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Sva\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed metodou t\u0159ec\u00edho m\u00edch\u00e1n\u00ed (FSW)<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Sva\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed metodou t\u0159ec\u00edho m\u00edch\u00e1n\u00ed je proces sva\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed v pevn\u00e9 f\u00e1zi, kter\u00fd zm\u011bnil technologii spojov\u00e1n\u00ed hlin\u00edku, zejm\u00e9na v leteck\u00e9m, automobilov\u00e9m a lodn\u00edm pr\u016fmyslu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Princip<\/strong>: Rota\u010dn\u00ed nekonzumovateln\u00fd n\u00e1stroj s \u010depem a ramenem se zano\u0159\u00ed do spoje, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e vznik\u00e1 t\u0159ec\u00ed teplo, kter\u00e9 plastifikuje (ale netav\u00ed) kov. N\u00e1stroj pak materi\u00e1l prom\u00edch\u00e1 a zkujn\u00ed, \u010d\u00edm\u017e vznikne sv\u00e1r v pevn\u00e9 f\u00e1zi.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 vlastnosti pro hlin\u00edk<\/strong>:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Eliminuje probl\u00e9my s p\u00f3rovitost\u00ed a prask\u00e1n\u00edm za tepla, proto\u017ee nedoch\u00e1z\u00ed k taven\u00ed.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Zachov\u00e1v\u00e1 mechanick\u00e9 vlastnosti v tepeln\u011b ovlivn\u011bn\u00e9 z\u00f3n\u011b l\u00e9pe ne\u017e tavn\u00e9 sva\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed svary s vynikaj\u00edc\u00ed \u00fanavovou pevnost\u00ed a minim\u00e1ln\u00edm zkreslen\u00edm.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>V\u00fdhody<\/strong>: Vysoce kvalitn\u00ed svary, n\u00edzk\u00e9 zkreslen\u00ed, nen\u00ed nutn\u00fd p\u0159\u00eddavn\u00fd kov.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Omezen\u00ed<\/strong>: Vy\u017eaduje specializovan\u00e9 vybaven\u00ed, ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed rychlost j\u00edzdy, omezuje se na p\u0159\u00edm\u00e9 nebo jednoduch\u00e9 spoje.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Aplikace<\/strong>: Panely trup\u016f letadel, automobilov\u00e9 podvozky, \u017eelezni\u010dn\u00ed vag\u00f3ny, lodn\u00ed trupy.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Sva\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed laserov\u00fdm paprskem (LBW)<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/lh7-rt.googleusercontent.com\/docsz\/AD_4nXfeXHWx6pkwrJNOcEtjWbz569WEVIG8MsTaJRUSitHM6xQGGehpv4XlcU2ISKaZ5qjc1u80wEXPX1RNINCBFiSG0YguaEykiUhO_lNp2VooEQkjwnrYDweFnMWdD_xs6hTwUWpgqLq5pT_Eosy8qbA?key=7aMBlJ91_jM5iJYxj7JYpw\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Sva\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed laserov\u00fdm paprskem nab\u00edz\u00ed p\u0159esn\u00e9 a vysokorychlostn\u00ed sva\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed tenk\u00fdch hlin\u00edkov\u00fdch sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Princip<\/strong>: Soust\u0159ed\u011bn\u00fd laserov\u00fd paprsek tav\u00ed a tav\u00ed spoj s ochranou st\u00ednic\u00edm plynem.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 vlastnosti pro hlin\u00edk<\/strong>:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Vysok\u00e1 hustota energie umo\u017e\u0148uje hlubok\u00fd pr\u016fvar s \u00fazk\u00fdmi svary.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Citliv\u00e9 na ulo\u017een\u00ed spoje z d\u016fvodu mal\u00e9 velikosti nosn\u00edku.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Vy\u017eaduje p\u0159esnou kontrolu, aby se zabr\u00e1nilo vzniku p\u00f3rovitosti.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Aplikace<\/strong>: Elektronika, leteck\u00e9 a kosmick\u00e9 komponenty, kryty automobilov\u00fdch bateri\u00ed.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Sva\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed elektronov\u00fdm svazkem (EBW)<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Sva\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed elektronov\u00fdm svazkem je vysoce p\u0159esn\u00fd proces zalo\u017een\u00fd na vakuu, kter\u00fd se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 pro kritick\u00e9 hlin\u00edkov\u00e9 komponenty.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Princip<\/strong>: Na obrobek dopad\u00e1 soust\u0159ed\u011bn\u00fd paprsek elektron\u016f s vysokou rychlost\u00ed, \u010d\u00edm\u017e vznik\u00e1 intenzivn\u00ed lokalizovan\u00e9 teplo, kter\u00e9 spoj roztav\u00ed.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>V\u00fdhody<\/strong>: Extr\u00e9mn\u011b hlubok\u00fd pr\u016fnik, minim\u00e1ln\u00ed zkreslen\u00ed, vynikaj\u00edc\u00ed kvalita.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Omezen\u00ed<\/strong>: Vysok\u00e1 cena, vy\u017eaduje vakuovou komoru, omezen\u00e1 velikost d\u00edl\u016f.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Aplikace<\/strong>: Letectv\u00ed a obrana, kryogenn\u00ed n\u00e1dr\u017ee, jadern\u00e9 komponenty.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Sva\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed kysl\u00edkov\u00fdm a ochrann\u00fdm obloukem (SMAW)<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Tradi\u010dn\u00ed postupy, jako je sva\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed kysl\u00edkem a SMAW (sva\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed ty\u010d\u00ed), se pro hlin\u00edk pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed jen z\u0159\u00eddka kv\u016fli obt\u00ed\u017en\u00e9 kontrole p\u0159\u00edkonu tepla, zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed oxidy a \u0161patn\u00e9 kvalit\u011b svaru. Obvykle se omezuj\u00ed na opravy, kde nejsou k dispozici modern\u00ed postupy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><em>Tabulka 1 Shrnut\u00ed proces\u016f<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>Proces<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Kvalita<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Rychlost<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Nejlep\u0161\u00ed pro<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Omezen\u00ed<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>TIG (GTAW)<\/strong><\/td><td>Vynikaj\u00edc\u00ed<\/td><td>Pomal\u00fd<\/td><td>Tenk\u00e9 plechy, vysoce kvalitn\u00ed svary<\/td><td>Vy\u017eaduje zru\u010dnost, n\u00edzk\u00e1 produktivita<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>MIG (GMAW)<\/strong><\/td><td>Dobr\u00fd<\/td><td>Rychle<\/td><td>St\u0159edn\u00ed a\u017e siln\u00e9 \u0159ezy, v\u00fdroba<\/td><td>Riziko p\u00f3rovitosti, m\u00e9n\u011b p\u0159esn\u00e9<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Odolnost<\/strong><\/td><td>M\u00edrn\u00e1<\/td><td>Velmi rychle<\/td><td>Tenk\u00e9 plechy, automobilov\u00fd pr\u016fmysl<\/td><td>Pot\u0159eba vysok\u00e9ho proudu, opot\u0159eben\u00ed elektrod<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>FSW<\/strong><\/td><td>Vynikaj\u00edc\u00ed<\/td><td>M\u00edrn\u00e1<\/td><td>Letectv\u00ed, automobilov\u00fd pr\u016fmysl, stavba lod\u00ed<\/td><td>Specializovan\u00e9 vybaven\u00ed<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Laser<\/strong><\/td><td>Vynikaj\u00edc\u00ed<\/td><td>Velmi rychle<\/td><td>Tenk\u00e9, p\u0159esn\u00e9 komponenty<\/td><td>Drah\u00e9, citliv\u00e9 vybaven\u00ed<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>EBW<\/strong><\/td><td>V\u00fdjime\u010dn\u00e9<\/td><td>M\u00edrn\u00e1<\/td><td>Letectv\u00ed a kosmonautika, jadern\u00e1 energetika<\/td><td>Vysok\u00e9 n\u00e1klady, nutnost vakua<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>SMAW\/Oxyfuel<\/strong><\/td><td>\u0160patn\u00fd<\/td><td>Pomal\u00fd<\/td><td>Pouze opravy<\/td><td>Zastaral\u00e9 pro konstruk\u010dn\u00ed pou\u017eit\u00ed<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Volba sva\u0159ovac\u00edho procesu pro hlin\u00edk z\u00e1vis\u00ed na po\u017eadavc\u00edch aplikace. Pro kritick\u00e9, tenk\u00e9 a vysoce kvalitn\u00ed svary se up\u0159ednost\u0148uje sva\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed metodou TIG. Pro v\u00fdrobu a siln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed profily p\u0159eva\u017euje MIG. Pro aplikace nov\u00e9 generace, kter\u00e9 vy\u017eaduj\u00ed vynikaj\u00edc\u00ed pevnost a spoje bez vad, jsou st\u00e1le obl\u00edben\u011bj\u0161\u00ed procesy v pevn\u00e9 f\u00e1zi, jako je sva\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed t\u0159ec\u00edm m\u00edsen\u00edm. Pokro\u010dil\u00e9 metody, jako je sva\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed laserem a elektronov\u00fdm paprskem, slou\u017e\u00ed specializovan\u00fdm, vysoce p\u0159esn\u00fdm odv\u011btv\u00edm.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>6. Pr\u016fmyslov\u00e9 aplikace a p\u0159\u00edpadov\u00e9 studie<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/lh7-rt.googleusercontent.com\/docsz\/AD_4nXfX4sZU03Pnj-ugWndYj4ra9niXqGw7V3CdqmKQ51G4PMCQ4insEGxV7qdiGb58wRjTN0OQlt-laeZJYXDgQFBVLjxpVTc79SE4LZBrupxQJbOmWWv9l4sFb-YpoIES7awhE-5NR049ROTiIQrR7SM?key=7aMBlJ91_jM5iJYxj7JYpw\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Stavba lod\u00ed<\/strong>: Slitiny 5083 a 5456 jsou d\u00edky odolnosti v\u016f\u010di mo\u0159sk\u00e9 vod\u011b a sva\u0159itelnosti nejvhodn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed pro trupy a paluby.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Letectv\u00ed a kosmonautika<\/strong>: 2219 se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 pro sva\u0159ovan\u00e9 palivov\u00e9 n\u00e1dr\u017ee; v\u011bt\u0161ina konstrukc\u00ed se v\u0161ak kv\u016fli \u0161patn\u00e9 sva\u0159itelnosti slitin 2xxx a 7xxx vyh\u00fdb\u00e1 sva\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed a d\u00e1v\u00e1 p\u0159ednost n\u00fdtov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Automobilov\u00fd pr\u016fmysl<\/strong>: 6061 a 6082 se pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed pro r\u00e1my a n\u00e1razov\u00e9 konstrukce; st\u00e1le \u010dast\u011bji se uplat\u0148uje FSW.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Stavebnictv\u00ed<\/strong>: 3003 a 6063 se pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed na st\u0159e\u0161n\u00ed krytiny, obklady, potrub\u00ed a mosty.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>7. Praktick\u00e1 doporu\u010den\u00ed<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"579\" src=\"https:\/\/www.diecastingschina.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Practical-Recommen-1024x579.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1807\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.diecastingschina.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Practical-Recommen-1024x579.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.diecastingschina.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Practical-Recommen-300x170.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.diecastingschina.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Practical-Recommen-768x434.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.diecastingschina.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Practical-Recommen-18x10.jpg 18w, https:\/\/www.diecastingschina.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Practical-Recommen.jpg 1472w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Pro obecnou v\u00fdrobu: (nejlep\u0161\u00ed kombinace pevnosti, odolnosti proti korozi a sva\u0159itelnosti).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Pro tenk\u00e9 plechy a dekorativn\u00ed panely: Pou\u017eijte \u0159adu 1xxx nebo 3xxx.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Pro konstruk\u010dn\u00ed aplikace vy\u017eaduj\u00edc\u00ed vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed pevnost: Pou\u017eijte s\u00e9rii 6xxx, ale po\u010d\u00edtejte s m\u011bknut\u00edm v m\u00edst\u011b po\u0161kozen\u00ed.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Vyhn\u011bte se s\u00e9ri\u00edm 2xxx a 7xxx, pokud nejsou spln\u011bny zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed podm\u00ednky (FSW nebo specializovan\u00e9 sva\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed pro leteck\u00fd pr\u016fmysl).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Pro sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed rizika vzniku trhlin v\u017edy zvolte vhodn\u00e9 plnivo (obvykle 4045, 5356 nebo 5556).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Z\u00e1v\u011br<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.diecastingschina.com\/cs\/sluzby-tlakoveho-liti-cina\/tlakove-liti-hliniku\/\">Hlin\u00edk <\/a>je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fdm technick\u00fdm materi\u00e1lem pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00fdm v r\u016fzn\u00fdch odv\u011btv\u00edch, av\u0161ak sva\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed hlin\u00edku m\u00e1 sv\u00e9 vlastn\u00ed probl\u00e9my, proto\u017ee m\u00e1 vysokou tendenci v\u00e9st teplo, a proto m\u00e1 tendenci k n\u00edzk\u00fdm bod\u016fm t\u00e1n\u00ed, oxidov\u00e9mu filmu, p\u00f3rovitosti a vzniku trhlin za tepla. V\u00fdb\u011br slitiny je kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdm parametrem, kter\u00fd ur\u010duje sva\u0159itelnost, mechanick\u00e9 vlastnosti a dlouhodobou poruchovost sva\u0159ovan\u00fdch konstrukc\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Z rodin slitin jsou nejlep\u0161\u00ed slitiny 1xxx, 3xxx, 5xxx a 6xxx. Mezi nejspolehliv\u011bj\u0161\u00ed z nich pat\u0159\u00ed \u0159ada 5xxx (slitiny hlin\u00edku a ho\u0159\u010d\u00edku), kter\u00e1 optimalizuje kombinaci slabosti proti korozi, pevnosti a snadn\u00e9ho sva\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed, zejm\u00e9na na mo\u0159i a na voln\u00e9m mo\u0159i. \u0158ada 6xxx, p\u0159esto\u017ee je n\u00e1chyln\u00e1 k m\u011bknut\u00ed tepeln\u011b ovlivn\u011bn\u00fdch z\u00f3n, je neust\u00e1le vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1na d\u00edky sv\u00e9 konstruk\u010dn\u00ed pevnosti\/p\u0159izp\u016fsobivosti. \u0158ady 1xxx a 3xxx se snadno sva\u0159uj\u00ed, ale maj\u00ed pom\u011brn\u011b n\u00edzkou pevnost a pou\u017e\u00edvaly se v nekonstruk\u010dn\u00edch\/dekorativn\u00edch aplikac\u00edch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Naproti tomu slitiny 2xxx (hlin\u00edk-m\u011b\u010f) a 7xxx (hlin\u00edk-zinek) nejsou sva\u0159iteln\u00e9 v\u016fbec a jsou obzvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b n\u00e1chyln\u00e9 k prask\u00e1n\u00ed za tepla a ztr\u00e1t\u011b mechanick\u00fdch vlastnost\u00ed, co\u017e omezuje jejich pou\u017eit\u00ed ve sva\u0159ovan\u00fdch konstrukc\u00edch na n\u011bkolik m\u00e1lo p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f, nap\u0159\u00edklad v letectv\u00ed a kosmonautice.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Nakonec bude sva\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed hlin\u00edku realizov\u00e1no s ohledem na pou\u017eit\u00e9 p\u0159\u00eddavn\u00e9 kovy a sva\u0159ovac\u00ed postupy spolu s p\u0159\u00edpravou povrchu, krom\u011b v\u00fdb\u011bru slitiny. Kombinac\u00ed spr\u00e1vn\u00fdch rozhodnut\u00ed a metod lze dos\u00e1hnout pln\u00e9ho potenci\u00e1lu hlin\u00edku jako lehk\u00e9ho, odoln\u00e9ho a pru\u017en\u00e9ho materi\u00e1lu.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Aluminum has become one of the most significant engineering materials of the modern days with its rare properties of light weight and resistance to corrosion coupled together with versatility. These types of applications spectrums cover a wide range of use including aerospace and automotive structures, marine vessels, pipelines and consumer products, applications where aluminum is [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":1811,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[110,38],"tags":[130,37],"class_list":["post-1804","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-aluminum","category-aluminum-die-casting","tag-aluminum-alloys-are-best-for-welding","tag-aluminum-die-casting"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.diecastingschina.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1804","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.diecastingschina.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.diecastingschina.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.diecastingschina.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.diecastingschina.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1804"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.diecastingschina.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1804\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.diecastingschina.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1811"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.diecastingschina.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1804"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.diecastingschina.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1804"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.diecastingschina.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1804"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}